Sowing: Sow cabbage seeds in late winter or early spring for an early summer crop or in midsummer for a fall crop. In mild-winter regions, sow cabbage from fall to late winter for a spring crop. Sow seed outdoors 6 to 4 weeks before the last frost. Start seed indoors 12 to 10 weeks before transplanting seedlings to the garden. Sow seeds indoors in a warm, well-lighted location—in a bright window or under grow lights. Sow seeds 1/4″ (6 mm) deep in seed starting mix. Firm lightly and keep mix just moist. Seedlings emerge in 5-10 days at 45-85°F (7-29°C).
Growing: Seedlings can be transplanted into the garden when they are 4-5” (10-13 cm) tall 6 to 4 weeks before the last expected frost and 2-3 weeks after the last frost in fall. Move seedlings to a sheltered place outdoors to “harden off” 1 week before transplanting. Thin plants in garden 15-24″ (30-60 cm) apart in rows 24” (61 cm) apart. Grow cabbage in rich, well-drained soil, in full sun. Give cabbage regular water keeping the soil evenly moist.
Harvesting: Cabbage will be ready for harvest 70-100 days from direct seeding and 7-8 weeks from transplanting depending upon variety. Cut cabbage at the base of the stalk when heads are firm, filled out, and 4-6 inches (10-25 cm) in diameter. Young, small cabbages are tastier. Cabbage will keep in the refrigerator for 1-2 weeks.
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